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This study included 20,050 women (median follow-up of 7 y). The Women's Health Initiative CaD study was a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, which tested 400 IU of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D and 1,000 mg of calcium per day in women aged 50 to 79 years. This study evaluated whether vasomotor symptom (VMS) severity and number of moderate/severe menopausal symptoms (nMS) were associated with health outcomes, and whether calcium and vitamin D (CaD) modified the risks.
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11 Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo NY.10 Colleges of Medicine and Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.9 Center for Health Research NW, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon.8 Department of Cardiology, Duke University, Durham, NC.7 Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.6 Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.5 Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Division of Preventive Medicine, Boston, MA.4 Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.3 Departments of ObGyn, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.2 Departments of ObGyn, Reading Hospital/Tower Health, Reading, PA.1 Departments of Cardiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.